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  • Hey Dvirkus


    Thanks for the info. I have been advised to check out someone certified in PRI by numerous people on forum. Right now I am seeing a new physiotherapist who is an olympic athlete and member of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association and is STOTT PILATES Certified Rehab Instructor.  In addition, she is trained in the Integrated Systems Model of Physiotherapy assessment and treatment. She specializes in integrating Clinical Pilates stabilization principles and exercises to rehabilitation. Hopefully she will get me on the right track.


    As for the left AIC pattern. I am not rotated toward the right, rather my hip is rotated toward the left. So I have an atypical right AIC. 

    The hamstring range of motion test my physiotherapist did was similar to the one in this video:

    What my physiotherapist found was that it seemed I had good hamstring range of motion. But he then had me not move my lumbar spine at all during the test. When I tried to do this I had very little hamstring range of motion, and I would start to move my lumbar spine. 

    Also just came by this exercise which looks pretty insane,and looks a lot like what I imagine clinical pilates to be:

    It looks like you trains everything I need: glute max, glute medius, external rotators, lumbo-pelvic stability, deep core muscles/transverse abdominis, and motor control. Im not at the level to be doing such an exercise tho if I cant even activate my transverse abdominis. 

    Yes thats the exercise. I cant do it. My lower back arches and moves, and I have poor motor control. He then told me to work on deep breathing exercises first as they are easier, then progress towards breathing with contracting my pelvic floor muscles. After I am able to do that, he said I progress towards the exercise in that youtube video. 

    The reason I am going to see another physiotherapist is because I want someone who specializes in this area to help me go through the exercises properly. My current physiotherapist while being very good doesnt specialize in deep core muscles. He also operates multiple patients at the same time, so he can only help me go through the exercises and watch my form in a given amount of time that is relatively short. On the other hand the other physiotherapist that I am going to see does 1 on 1 sessions, and specializes in pilates, core muscles, etc.. So i feel I can benefit a lot from it. Also, since my progress is stagnating I can always use another opinion on what is going on for my case and perhaps make adjustments to my current regime. 
    My current physiotherapist thinks the deep core muscle weakness, lumbar spine instability and poor motor control are the missing pieces to my puzzle, (the previous piece being glute medius weakness, and pelvic instability).  I hope he is accurate so I can finally get this situation handled for good. 
    Theoretically it is very plausible indeed that deep core muscle weakness is having a major impact on my physiotherapy progress. Around the time I got my patellofemoral syndrome I also strained my lower deep abdominal/groin area. I thought I got a sports hernia because it would not recover. Eventually when I quite sports the pain/symptoms disapeared. Perhaps the abdominal strain had led to lumbo-pelvic instability and an exacerbation of my glute medius weakness leading to a severe and complicated case patellofemoral pain that was not able to be fixed by conventional physiotherapy protocols. Also I do have an anterior pelvic tilt which can be due to not only my quadricep dominance, but also deep core muscle weakness. 
    Jtrue do you have bilateral knee pain? I wonder if indeed the deep core muscle weakness, poor motor control, and lumbo-pelvic instability may also be why you continue to struggle to progress. 
    Jtrue
    Maybe look into seeing a  physiotherapist whose a pilates instructor or postural restorative certified. Perhaps your lumbo-pelvic complex is unstable and you have poor motor control leading to excessive motion of pelvis and femur, thus leading to knee pain.


    Update:
    So there has been very little progress in the last 1-2 months. I feel like my progress has stagnated and my symptoms arent improving noticeably. I still get a return of symptoms (tight IT band, and painfully achy knees right around the patellafemoral joint) when I load the knee, and avoid doing mobility/foam rolling/stretching/myofascial release. I still cant do any physical activity without intense flare of symptoms. I just recently seen my physiotherapist, and he says we are going to need to take a new approach. He looked at my hamstring tightness while keeping a lumbar curvature (not letting my lower back round). Apparently he found that my hamstrings are completely restricted. In order to get full range of motion for my hamstrings I move my lumber spine to much. He then tried getting me to stretch my hamstrings while preventing my lumbar spine from rounding. This was very difficult to do and co-ordinate. He then had me lay supine with my feet flat on the table and knees up with a blood pressure cuff on my lumbar spine. He had me raise one of my legs while telling me to not move my lumbar spine as indicated by the pressure changes in the pressure gauge. I found it nearly impossible to not move my lumbar spine while lifting my leg. He said that my lumbar spine and deep core muscles are unstable and move around to much leading to lots of pelvic and hip motion, which leads to excessive motion of my femur during dynamic tasks, leading to my patellofemoral symptoms. He then tried to teach my to activate my transversus abdominis, diaphraghm, and pelvic floor by just doing breathing exercises. He noticed I was breathing through my chest and not through my diaphragm. He said my deep core muscles arent being activated thus leading to lumbo-pelvic instability. He said I have poor motor control and I have to learn how to activate my deep core muscles to prevent excessive motion of my lumbo-pelvic complex. 

    Glute strengthening
    He said continue doing the glute strengthening exercises. I do feel the glutes working when doing the single leg squat/lunge against wall, x-band/lateral side walks, one leg standing fire-hydrants, and clamshells.

    Self-myofascial release
    Still seem to have tightness in IT band, hamstrings, quads, etc.. Smashing/rolling on lacross ball and rumble roller seem to be temporary solutions and only help a little. Also, been doing E-stimed trigger point dry needling everyday for 15 minutes.

    Deep core, transverse abdominis, diaphragm, pelvic floor and lumbo-pelvic stability
    He gave me a few exercises to work on for this that I am still confused about. The most important he said is just getting the diaphragm to work for breathing. He said breath with your stomach/diaphragm area rather then chest. Also something about decreasing the belt line (space between belt line on pants and stomach). He said as I get better start contracting my pelvic floor muscles slightly during the breathing exercise. The 2nd exercise is lying supine with knees bent and raising one leg without moving the lumbar spine/lower back. 

    Hamstring tightness
    The 3rd exercises is doing a straight leg deadlift to help lengthen the hamstrings.

    Future:
    I made an appointment in a few days with an experienced physiotherapist whose also a pilates instructor and an olympic athlete. She should be able to help with my lumbo-pelvic instability issue and deep core muscle strengthening.

    Jtrue:

    Glad to hear your progressing very well. You wouldnt think strengthening the adductors would play such a significant role especially since they can compensate for weak glute medius. Thats interesting that its been able to help you tho.
    Update:
    I feel I have not made any progress. If anything my knee pain and symptoms have slightly gone worse (perhaps due to triggering the symptoms through inappropriate activity one time). The next time I see my physiotherapist is 3 weeks from now. Thats more than enough time to see any progress. If there is no progress, I will ask for an appointment with a PM&R sports medicine physician to get a another opinion/assesment and do EMG analysis. I would hope to get EMG analysis done on:
    1) VMO to VL activation ratio and timing
    2) quad to hamstring activation ratio and timing
    3) hamstring to glute activation ratio and timing
    4) TFL to glute medius activation and timing
    Furthermore, I am considering seeing another physiotherapy clinic with a physiotherapist that is an olympic athlete, with 12 years of experience and certified pilates instructor. She does a lot of postural work. Also, the clinic offers IMS (intramuscular stimulation). 

    Glute strengthening
    Glute seems to be firing as I feel the burn during exercises. The standing firehydrant still seems to be activating it the most, also X-band walks seems to give a nice burn.

    Self-myofascial release
    The IT band seems to be tight now (it got triggered easily through light activity that involved bending the knees and hip) even tho I have been doing e-stimed dry needling and smashing/rolling on rumble roller and lacross ball. 

    Motor control
    There still seems to be pelvic misalignment with the hips leaning towards my right side (perhaps due to glute medius weakness on the right side leading to pelvic drop on left side). During a squat its hard to perform it symmetrically and maintain neutral pelvis, the pelvis seems to shift out of alignment and lean towards the right side pretty easily even with conscious effort in front of mirror.

    jtrue funny enough my physiotherapist brought up the point that I have slightly weaker adductors on the effected side (side with knee pain and glute medius weakness). He says we want to strengthen the adductors but not so much that they are compensating for the glute medius. He says functional exercises will strengthen the adductors effectively while also strengthening the glute medius. 

    Kaitlin thanks for all the help thus far

    Update: I feel like my progress is stagnating. I have been able to decrease my knee pain and IT band tightness dramatically but this was only for a few days after which I caused them to flare during a physiotherapy session without rolling them out extensively and perhaps doing to much exercises I was not ready for.The IT band and knee pain returned to similar levels experienced months earlier and since then I have not been able to bring it down to the levels before the flare. I feel like my symptoms are easily triggered because underlying issue is still not fixed. 
    Glute strengthening:
    I have progressed in my glute strengthening regime. I am using stronger bands, using higher reps, and feeling my glute fire. This is still not translating to improvements in symptoms however. I am doing a lot of single leg work. A variation and progression of the hip hike the single leg stance bentover firehydrants seems to burn the glutes the most at this point. 
    Self-myofascial release:
    I am still smashing/rolling my hips and legs with rumble roller, battlerstar, and lacross ball. Doing the couch stretch and banded distractions. My external rotation has improved (as noted by myself and my physiotherapist). I can sit cross legged now without getting pinching feeling in hips.
    Motor control:
    I have improved in motor control, but the pelvis still seems to move asymmetrically during functional exercises (such as squat) unless I have a mirror and I consciously try to shift pelivs. Also, just standing on both legs my pelvis is shifted with the right side (side of effected knee and glute medius weakness) rotated forward, 
    Next physiotherapy appointment:
    Physiotherapist has given me over 2 weeks from today to keep doing the exercises. If I dont seem to get an improvement in symptoms, I will have to discuss with him other possible options such as EMG to look at muscle firing/activation. Maybe that information will help pinpoint more accurately what is going on. I would be interested in seeing the EMG activity of my right and left glute medius during different exercises and compare them, as well as EMG activity of hamstring and glute max during various exercises such as glute bridge to see how they are co-contracting. Also, interested in comparing quad contraction of both legs and quad to hamstring/glute ratio. Also, check to see if hip flexors are overactive and check adductor firing relative to other muscle groups and compare them on both sides. Their is a PM&R sports medicine physician that might be able to do these EMG recordings.
    E-stimed trigger point dry needling
    Doing this in different areas of my quad and IT band for 4 days in a row seemed to make huge improvements in my symptoms of both my IT band tightness and my knee pain (knee felt like it was less compressed and tracking a lot better). However, when I went to physiotherapy and he made me do some new functional excercise, my symptoms flared and returned to previous levels. I am assuming that the trigger point dry needling was just addresing the symptoms rather than the cause. It released my IT band tightness, however the weak glute medius is still their so the IT band would tense up eventually especially if triggered through physical activity. 

    Update:

    Good news. I have been seeing progress. IT band hasn’t flared up but I have been cautious not to aggravate it. Knee feels a lot better but still not nearly 100% With the exercises I have progressed to single leg support static but I continue to do double leg support static and isolation exercises with higher reps. Smashing and rolling out my muscles was just hiding the symptoms. My issue seems to be a muscular imbalance and motor control problem. Even my pelvis is out of alignment (especially for dynamic exercises) because of asymmetrical glute medius weakness. When doing a dynamic exercises the pelvis shifts asymmetrically. I have to learn how to control my pelvis and keep it neutral.  

    Heres a routine I came up with for glute strengthening, pelvic stability and patellofemoral pain syndrome from the vast amount of research I have done and from my own physiotherapy experience. 

    8 levels:
    1 – Posterolateral hip (glute) muscle isolation (non-weightbearing, activation)
    2 – double limb support (static, activation)
    3 – single limb support (static, activation) 
    4 – double limb support (dynamic, strength) 
    5 – single limb support (dynamic, strength)
    6 – double limb support (ballistic, movement re-education)
    7 – single limb support (ballistic, movement re-education)
    8 – sports specific

    1 – Posterolateral hip (glute) muscle isolation (non-weightbearing, activation)

    Exercises
    1. Clamshells 
    • neutral pelvis
    • bi-planar motion
    • use resistance band, progress to stronger band and 60 second hold
    2. Firehydrant 
    • lift leg to side and slightly back
    • maintain neutral pelvis
    • tri-planar motion
    • use resistance band, progress to stronger band and 60 second hold 
    3. Sidelying plank/clam shell hybrid 
    • perform clamshell while in side plank position
    • dont roll hips back
    • engages core

    Progression criteria: hold each exercises for 60 seconds bi-laterally

    Level 2 – double limb support (static, activation)

    Exercises
    1. Static squat with hip bias
    • hold squat position at aprx 80-90 degrees
    • knees slightly greater than shoulder width apart
    • use resistance band around knees
    • externally rotate knees
    • lean forward with torso
    • keep torso neutral
    2. Static sumo squat
    • hold sumo squat position at aprx 90-90 degrees
    • lean slightly forward
    • toes pointing out

    Level 3 – single limb support (static, activation) 

    Exercises
    1. Hip hike
    • single leg stance
    • raise pelvis on one side
    • hold position 
    2. Bent over hip hike
    • same as above except bend over by hip hinging and leaning forward
    3. Standing firehydrant
    • similar to above 
    4. Wall stance
    • one leg stance with side against wall
    • leg against wall is lifted at aprx 90 degrees
    • push against wall with the stance leg while lifting pelvis (hip hiking)
    • hold position

    4 – double limb support (dynamic, strength) 

    Exercises
    1. Squat with hip bias
    • lean forward with torso
    • weight on heels
    • push butt back
    • resistance band around knees
    • externally rotate knees
    • knees slightly greater than shoulder width apart
    • dont track knees over toes
    • progress towards weights
    2. Sumo squat
    3. Lunge with hip bias
    • similar to a skater squat or king deadlift 
    • perform lunge motion
    • lean forward
    • weight on front leg and heels
    • dont track knee over toes
    • keep pelvis neutral (by hip hiking the pelvis on the opposite side as the front leg)
    • use something to hold unto for better control, progress towards holding unto nothing and weights

    5 – single limb support (dynamic, strength)

    Exercises
    1. Bulgarian split squat with hip bias
    2. standing birdogs
    3. Single leg deadlifts
    4. Standing firehydrants
    5. Hip Hike
    6. Bent over hip hike
    7. Step ups
    8. Step downs
    9. Single leg squats

    Update:


    Went to physiotherapy. I told him that the lunges resulted in a flare in symptoms. I also told him that I have been doing hip hikes instead. He said thats an excellent exercise to transition into the lunge eventually. He also showed me the correct way to do the lunges and this time around I did not get any knee pain after. He had me do a number of new exercises as well. My glutes were definitely being worked in the exercises he had me do, I was feeling the burn. I have listed 3 of the main exercises he had me doing with descriptions of each.
    New exercises:
    1) Modified lunge
    2) Modified single leg deadlift (with hip external rotation)
    3) Modified hip hip hike/step up
    1) Modified lunge (Skater squat/King deadlift):
    -done facing the wall with hands on wall for more control
    -almost all the load should be on the front leg through the heel, back leg should be on floor but with no weight/load on it (so if you wanted to lift it off the ground you can easily do so)
    -chest leaned forward but with a straight posture so center of mass is balanced (if your not leaning forward you will fall backwards, and you would also be putting more weight on your back leg which you dont want)
    -hips squared
    -your not moving your front knee forward rather your bending your front knee down (very similar to single leg squat)
    -your using your glute medius on your front (loaded) leg to perform the lunge and to hip hike the opposite hip to keep the hips leveled in height
    -focus on small movements first
    -make sure front leg does not collapse in at the knee
    2) Modified single leg deadlift 
    -perform the single leg deadlift 
    -hold something for more control (i.e., 2 poles, 2 chairs, etc..)
    -keep hips squared/parallel to the floor with back straight and one leg straight back parallel to the floor at the bottom position
    -once at the bottom position, rotate your hips and shoulders while keeping your back and shoulders aligned with your hips, thus externally rotating the hips and the leg that is straight back parallel to the floor.
    -when externally rotating the glutes should be working. 
    -I was unable to perform this without the holding unto 2 poles (similar to ski poles). Motor control and balance was difficult. 
    3) Modified hip hike/step up (this one is hard to describe)
    -standing with one leg on an elevated platform facing wall
    -put the opposite leg behind you, crossing the elevated leg
    -all load should be on the elevated leg on the heel
    -straighten the leg thats on the platfoorm, lifting the leg behind you, swing it  towards the elevated platform away from your front leg (similar to the modified lunge, single leg squat, and hip hike)
    -glute medius should be used when lifting the front leg (similar to single leg squat or modified lunge, and hip hike) and maintaining balance while swinging the back leg towards the platform.
    The physiotherapist told me that since the lunges were to hard I should focus on the following progressions in the order listed. Once the first exercise listed gets easy I will move unto the next etc..
    1) Hip hikes – increase reps as it gets easy, and then start doing modified hip hike/step ups
    2) Modified hip hike/step ups – increase reps as it gets easy, and then start doing modified single leg deadlifts
    3) Modified single leg deadlift (holding both arms on something for control) – increase reps as it gets easy
    4) Modified single leg deadlift (holding 1 arm on something for control) – increase reps as it gets easy
    5) Modified single leg deadlift (holding on nothing) – increase reps as it gets easy
    6) Modified lunge (using the wall to help with control) – increase reps as it gets easy
    While implementing the progressions above, I will still continue to keep doing:
    1) clamshells using higher reps and holding for longer,
    2) x-band walks doing more reps
    3) Modified single leg glute bridge with external rotation 
    4) Stiff leg deadlifts with 40 lb dumbells (80 lbs total)
    5) Voodoo band squats with resistance band around knee 
    I will also add supine leg curls on yoga ball (without hip extension, and with toes pointed forward) to workout the hamstrings. I was reluctant to do this before despite my physiotherapists recommendations as it was also activating my hip flexors. However, I tried them again and it seemed to work my hamstrings a lot with minimal hip flexor activation. So it might be a good exercises in addition to the stiff leg deadlift to help address the quad/hamstring imbalance. I will also continue to smash/roll out my leg, and do hip flexor/quad stretch, and hip external rotation banded distractions twice a day.
    Next physiotherapy appointment is in 2 weeks. Wish me luck on my progress.

    My symptoms are improving slightly, however it seems to be taking way to long. The physio had me do a lunge variation to try to emphasize glute medius activation, however my IT band flared up and knee pain came back really harshly for a few days. It took some smashing/rolling, stretching, E-stimed dry needling, and glute medius activation at home for a couple days to get back to normal. However, after the lunges my glutes were really sore indicating perhaps I was activating the glutes in a way I wasn’t before. But then why the IT band flare and knee pain? Maybe my knees tracking near my toes during the lunge had a role in the flare of symptoms. I have my next physio appointment on Thursday, I will discuss with him in regards to what the lunges did. He is trying to integrate my new glute medius strength that I have gained (from doing isolated and non-functional exercises) into a functional exercises thats why he had me do the modified lunges. I started to do 1 leg stance hip hikes tho as an alternate to the lunges (seems to work the glute medius in a similar way and is somewhat functional). Perhaps the lunges can be the progression after the 1 leg stance hip hikes get easy.

    Interesting that you say after smashing your tib anterior your symptoms are better. Seems almost to easy/good to be true that such a problem is fixed so easily with a seemingly unrelated muscle group. I guess I have to give smashing the tib anterior a longer and more consistent try. Perhaps its also playing a role in my symptoms (although I doubt it).

    Update:


    Symptoms/Pain
     I dont want to speak to soon, but I am feeling some progress. Symptoms are a lot better, tightness has decreased, and knee pain is better. However, it still doesnt feel right, patella still feels compressed and tilted still gives me pain going down stairs. Not much pain at all when walking, or standing mostly just discomfort. Also, it feels like the tightness and knee pain can return to high levels anytime if triggered so I must be cautious all the time and avoid doing a lot of things. 


    Exercises/Glute medius
    Glute medius feels like its firing when doing clamshells. I have also been doing a lot of x-band walks and voodoo band squats with resistance band around knees pulling knees in (while I try to push knees out). Also been doing a lot of single leg glute bridges/hip thrusts. 

    Banded distractions/External ROM
    Banded distractions for my right hip capsule doesnt feel like its working to increase my external range of motion for my right hip/femur. It still very limited in external range of motion.

    I am going to see physiotherapist on Monday.

    Dan

    I think i am compensating with other muscles in order to perform the function such as for single leg squats using TFL, quads, low back and a little bit of hamstrings and glute max. This is something I will bring up with my physiotherapist on Monday tho.

    Battlestar Review/Update:

    I got the battlestar on Monday and have used it every day so far. I would say its an upgraded version of the PVC pipe.Its similar to a barbell but a lot more practical and easier to manipulate. I wouldnt say its better than the rumble roller or lacrosse ball tho just different. A good analogy I have is comparing the tools to what part of the arm a massage therapist uses:
    Battlestar –> Forearm
    Lacross Ball –> Elbow
    Rumble roller–> Thumbs and Fingers
    I actually prefer the rumble roller and lacross ball over the battlestar although I will continue to use the battlestar as its still pretty good and works in somewhat different ways. 

    Nice to hear your well on your way to recovery. Keep up with the glute medius strengthening. Its hard to tell whats exactly the cause of your pain and tightness return. Perhaps cross- country skiing is good for you tight IT bands and lateral knee pain as its one of the few sports that use lots of glutes? 

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